About the work carried out in the field of “Cooperation with local organizations on the preservation of general ecology” at Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
INFORMATION
An ecosystem (or ecological system) consists of all organisms and the environment in which they interact. These biotic and abiotic components are interconnected through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Energy enters the system through photosynthesis and is incorporated into plant tissues. Animals play an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the system by feeding on plants and each other. They also affect the amount of plant and microbial biomass available. By breaking down dead organic matter, decomposers release carbon back into the atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrients stored in dead biomass into forms that can be easily processed by plants and microbes.
Ecosystems are governed by external and internal factors. External factors such as climate, soil, and topographic base material control the overall structure of an ecosystem, but are unaffected by the ecosystem itself. Controlled by internal factors such as fragmentation, root competition, shading, disturbance, succession and available species. While resource inputs are generally controlled by external processes, the availability of these resources in an ecosystem is controlled by internal factors.
An ecosystem is biodiversity, which refers to the variety of life forms that exist on Earth, including animals, plants, microorganisms, and the world in which they live. Biodiversity is in the form of biological resources, including genes, species, organisms and ecosystems. Thus, the four main levels of biodiversity are species, genetic, ecosystem and global biodiversity.
Due to these features, biodiversity plays a key role in maintaining the aesthetic value of the environment, the integrity of the natural environment, and ensures the general well-being of all flora and fauna. This requires the preservation of biodiversity to preserve all living things and their natural habitats.
Thus, conservation of ecology is the protection of all organisms and species in their natural habitat in order to ensure intergenerational and intergenerational equality. Activities such as habitat fragmentation, human disturbance, and habitat loss should be sufficiently limited to enrich the ecological conservation measures. Here are the types, importance and methods of biodiversity conservation.
Ecosystem diversity is very similar to species diversity, except that it deals with the variation of ecosystems in geographic locations. Different ecosystems or biomes exist from one region or country to another, such as alpine meadows, taigas, wetlands, grasslands, mangroves, and deserts.
In ecology, global diversity refers to the range of differences that describe the composition of two or more groups of species in a global context. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), there are approximately 1.5 million different species of plants and animals in the world, 70% of which are animal species and 22% are plants.
The process of preserving biological diversity includes sustainable development. It also includes in-situ conservation, ecosystem conservation and protection that protects all biodiversity.
Based on the above information, a number of works were carried out in cooperation with the Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agro-Technology and local organizations in order to preserve ecology. They are as follows:
1. Protection from degradation and destruction of natural ecosystems.
In accordance with the present, a nature protection strategy that does not harm society and future generations and meets their needs has been developed.
On the basis of this strategy, the preservation of biological diversity is achieved as a result of maintaining a balance between the development of the environment and society. Sustainable development can be achieved through the right policies.
2. Conserve, restore and enhance ecological systems while promoting better conservation practices.
In this case, in-situ and ex-situ methods are widely used.
In-situ is the conservation of nature and includes the preservation of the entire ecosystem and natural habitats. It also includes the conservation and restoration of diverse species and degraded ecosystems, such as degraded forest areas and highly polluted lakes, rivers, and other natural environments.
Ex-situ conservation involves the strategic protection of biodiversity hotspots for endangered species and habitats.
3. Establishment of buffer zones to prevent any change in the balance of natural ecosystems.
Biodiversity conservation prioritizes establishing control measures that maintain the balance of natural ecosystems, such as water balance, soil ecology, and genetic and species balance.
This includes intergenerational and intergenerational equity, which allows for the equal distribution of benefits from resources and natural habitats to ensure social and environmental sustainability.
4. Science, technology and research tools, preservation of biological diversity.
Technology is gaining importance in conservation biology. Sustainable technologies such as renewable energy, biodegradable packaging and recycling help reduce human impact on the environment. There are also technologies such as cloning that give scientists the ability to bring back species that have already become extinct.
Studying how species interact in their environment is crucial to protecting organisms and preserving biodiversity. For example, the use of wildlife corridors in urbanized areas, the creation of zoos and botanical gardens for research purposes, and the culture of living organisms, in vitro plant tissues, and microbes dramatically increase their populations.
5. Gene banks.
Gene banks store seeds, sperm and egg cells at very low temperatures and humidity. It is very useful to store many species of plants and animals in a very small space, such as sperm and ovule, seed boxes.
Seed banks are places where a huge variety of plant seeds are stored. Seed banks have been collecting samples for many years, with some holding more than 2 billion seeds at a time. If the species becomes extinct in the wild, this will ensure its safety. The plant can be grown from saved seeds and returned to its native habitat.
